Before any medicine is released, it has to go through a series of tests called clinical trials.
1.) Check chemical records to ensure that the chemicals in the drug are not known to cause damage separately.
2.) Test on cells and tissues
3.) Test on animals
4.) Test on healthy human volunteers
5.) Test on patients suffering from the disease
6.) Test on a large sample of human volunteers
7.) Monitor results from all trials indefinitely. If a problem emerges then the medicine must be tested again, the results re-examined and the medicine may be withdrawn.
If the medicine fails at points 1-6, then it will not go any further along the chain. Completing these trials can take up to 15 years and during the development, the drug company will invest millions in its development. All medicines that are on sale in a pharmicist or are prescribed by a doctor have been through these trials, it is required by law.
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